Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a disorder of glucose tolerance occurring or first diagnosed during pregnancy, whatever the treatment required and its evolution after delivery. Its prevalence varies between 5 and 17% depending on the setting. 15 to 60% of those who develop gestational diabetes progress to type 2 diabetes, and are therefore at major risk of developing type 2 diabetes, hence the importance of identifying the risk factors associated with this conversion, so that preventive measures can be taken.

Objectives: This study aims to identify the risk factors associated with the onset of type 2 diabetes in women with a history of gestational diabetes at the University Hospital of Kinshasa.

Methods: This study will be a retrospective cohort conducted at the University Hospital of Kinshasa among women with a history of gestational diabetes from January 2013 to December 2023. Women with a history of gestational diabetes will be recruited from the delivery room registers at University Hospital of Kinshasa. Their data will be collected in their files, and they will be contacted for type 2 diabetes screening. Delivery and breastfeeding data 6 weeks after delivery, anthropometric data, physical activity, diet and rhythm will be analysed.

Conclusion: At the end of this study, the rate and time of conversion of gestational diabetes to type 2 diabetes, as well as the factors associated with this outbreak, will be known in our setting, providing us with variables on which we can act to reduce the progression of gestational diabetes to diabetes mellitus.