Introduction: Upper gastrointestinal bleeding is a common and potentially fatal gastroenterological emergency. Identifying prognostic factors is crucial to guide management. The objective was to determine the factors associated with an adverse outcome (death) in patients hospitalized for gastrointestinal bleeding.

Materials and Methods: This was a prospective analytical study of 150 patients admitted for gastrointestinal bleeding. Demographic, clinical, laboratory, and therapeutic characteristics were collected. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify independent factors associated with mortality.

Results: The mean age of patients was 48.9 ± 17.2 years, with a male predominance (61.3%). Overall mortality was 34.7%. In multivariate analysis, age (OR = 1.40 per 10 years; 95% CI: 1.03–1.90; p = 0.030), impaired Glasgow Coma Scale (stage 2: OR = 3.25; 95% CI: 1.35–7.82; p = 0.009), decreased prothrombin time (OR = 1.45 per 10%; 95% CI: 1.12–1.88; p = 0.005), and elevated Child-Pugh score (Class C: OR = 5.42; 95% CI: 2.07–14.20; p < 0.001) were significantly associated with death.

Conclusion: The prognosis of gastrointestinal bleeding depends primarily on age, neurological status, and liver function (Child-Pugh and PT). These parameters must be integrated early to stratify risk and guide management.