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Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics of Suspected COVID-19 Cases Received at the National Public Health Laboratory (Thies-Senegal)

Moustapha Niane, Rokhaya Diagne, Malick Ndao, Aminata Sow, Oumar Johnson.

Abstract

Introduction: In December 2019, the COVID-19 disease, caused by a new coronavirus (SARS CoV-2), appeared in Wuhan, China, and quickly spread worldwide. Senegal recorded its first case on March 2, 2020.

The objective is to describe the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of suspected COVID-19 cases received at the LNSP of Thies.

Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study that included 883 suspected cases selected by a non-random convenience sampling method from January 1 to 31, 2022, at the LNSP of Thies.

Results: Among the 883 suspected cases included in the study, 164 tested positive, resulting in an overall positivity rate of 18.57%. The male sex predominated (sex ratio = 3.97). The average age was 43 years with a minimum of 4 years and a maximum of 78 years. The majority of confirmed positive suspected cases came from Thies (78.7%). The most frequently reported clinical manifestations were fever (82%), cough (64%), dyspnea (54%), and nasal discharge (14%). No severe cases were observed, nor any deaths. Among asymptomatic individuals tested, 7.47% were reported positive for COVID-19.

Conclusion: A significant proportion of confirmed positive COVID-19 cases was noted. These cases were primarily adults, male, and symptomatic. The triad of fever-cough-dyspnea dominated the clinical manifestations.